Water System Upgrades for a Second-Hand Motorhome: Safety & Hygiene Essentials

Key Takeaways

• Upgrading and thoroughly cleaning the water system in a second-hand motorhome is essential for safe and hygienic drinking, cleaning, and waste management.
• Without proper maintenance, the water system in older motorhomes can harbour bacteria, algae, and unpleasant odours.
• A step-by-step cleaning and upgrade process can significantly improve water safety and taste, ensuring a comfortable and healthy travel experience.

Introduction

When purchasing a second-hand motorhome, it’s exciting to think of all the journeys and adventures it will bring. However, an essential step before hitting the road is to ensure the vehicle’s water system is safe, clean, and functional. Many second-hand motorhomes may have been sitting unused, or perhaps they were used without regular cleaning and maintenance of the water tanks and pipes. These conditions can lead to a build-up of bacteria, algae, mineral deposits, and unpleasant odours, all of which can compromise the safety and taste of the water supply.

Upgrading and thoroughly cleaning the water system can help you avoid potential health issues and improve the overall comfort of your travels. In this guide, we’ll walk you through why it’s important to maintain your water system’s hygiene, explore potential health risks, and provide a step-by-step process to ensure your water system is in top condition. We’ll also recommend products that will make the job easier and maintain freshness over time.

1. Fresh Water System Clean-Up: Ensuring Safe Drinking and Cleaning Water

In motorhomes, the fresh water system is responsible for storing and supplying clean water for drinking, cooking, and cleaning. A second-hand motorhome’s fresh water tank and plumbing may have accumulated bacteria, algae, or mineral deposits, especially if it was left unused or wasn’t routinely cleaned. These contaminants can affect the taste and smell of the water, and in some cases, may pose health risks.

Understanding the Fresh Water System in Motorhomes

The fresh water system in a motorhome consists of a storage tank, pipes, and a pump that supplies water to taps and appliances. Unlike household plumbing, motorhome water systems are closed systems where water sits in a tank, sometimes for extended periods. This setup, combined with fluctuations in temperature and humidity, can create a breeding ground for bacteria, algae, and other contaminants.

Health Risks Associated with Unclean Fresh Water Systems

If left uncleaned, motorhome water systems can become hosts to various harmful microbes:

• Bacteria: Harmful bacteria, such as E. coli, can develop in stagnant water, potentially causing gastrointestinal issues.
• Algae: Algae growth is common in tanks exposed to sunlight or inconsistent maintenance, leading to foul smells and taste.
• Biofilm: This slimy layer of bacteria and organic material can coat the inside of the tank and pipes, reducing water quality and leading to potential health risks.

Step-by-Step Guide to Cleaning the Fresh Water System

1. Drain the Tank: Start by completely draining the fresh water tank. Open all taps and let the water flow out to ensure the pipes are also emptied.
2. Inspect the Tank: Use a flashlight to inspect the inside of the tank for any visible build-up or discolouration. If you notice significant algae or sediment, consider a thorough manual scrub if possible.
3. Prepare a Cleaning Solution: Use a tank cleaner specifically formulated for campervan or motorhome water tanks, such as a water purification fluid. Avoid bleach, as it can have potential health risks if not thoroughly rinsed out.
   • I regularly use Puriclean Water Purifier as it’s really simple to use. Simply mix the powder with water and fill up the tank. Use this regularly for ongoing tank hygiene, preventing the re-growth of bacteria and algae. Use it every few months or after long storage periods to ensure safe drinking water.
4. Fill the Tank with Water: Top up the tank with clean water to mix and circulate the cleaning solution throughout the system.
5. Run the Solution Through the System: Turn on all taps, showerheads, and other outlets to circulate the cleaning solution through every part of the system, ensuring that it reaches all pipes and fittings.
6. Let the Solution Sit: Allow the solution to sit in the tank and pipes for several hours (or overnight) to kill bacteria, remove biofilm, and loosen algae or mineral deposits.
7. Drain and Flush with Fresh Water: After several hours, drain the tank again and refill it with clean water. Run fresh water through all taps and outlets until no trace of the cleaning solution’s odour remains.
8. Optional: Add a Freshener: After the tank has been flushed, you may want to add a freshening solution to maintain a pleasant smell and prevent new algae growth.

2. Waste Water Hygiene: Keeping Odours and Bacteria at Bay

The waste water system in a motorhome is just as important as the fresh water system for ensuring a clean and comfortable living environment. Waste water systems typically consist of a grey water tank (for water from sinks and showers) and a black water tank (for toilet waste). These tanks can quickly develop bacteria, odours, and potentially hazardous biofilm if they’re not cleaned and maintained. This is especially relevant in second-hand motorhomes, where waste tanks may not have been cleaned regularly.

Understanding the Waste Water System in Motorhomes

In a motorhome, waste water is separated into grey water and black water tanks. The grey water tank collects water from sinks and showers, containing food particles, grease, and soap residue. The black water tank is for toilet waste. Both tanks can build up sludge, bacteria, and odours, creating unsanitary conditions and making your motorhome less comfortable.

Health Risks Associated with Unclean Waste Water Systems

If waste water systems are left uncleaned, they can cause multiple issues:

• Odours: Waste tanks can produce strong, unpleasant odours that can seep into the living space if not properly cleaned and maintained.
• Bacteria and Biofilm: Waste water tanks provide an ideal environment for bacterial growth, which can be a health hazard and can lead to clogged pipes and tank sensors.
• Contamination Risks: If the waste water system isn’t well-maintained, waste could leak into the fresh water system or surrounding areas, posing health risks.

Step-by-Step Guide to Cleaning the Grey Waste Water System

1. Empty the Tanks Completely: Start by emptying the grey water tank at an appropriate waste disposal station. This initial drain is necessary to remove loose particles and liquid waste.
2. Add a Tank Cleaner Solution: Use a waste tank cleaner formulated to dissolve waste and eliminate odours. Pour the cleaner into the tank and add enough water to circulate the solution.
   • I have used both Fenwick’s Waste Pipe & Tank Cleaner and Pro-Kleen Waste Pipe and Tank Cleaner – both are really easy to use and get the job done.
3. Let the Solution Sit: Close the tank and let the cleaning solution sit for several hours, or as recommended on the product label. This helps break down stubborn waste and biofilm in the tank and pipes.
4. Agitate the Solution: If possible, drive the motorhome around or rock it slightly to ensure the solution coats all areas of the tank.
5. Flush the Tank: After the solution has sat, drain the tank completely at the disposal station and rinse thoroughly with fresh water until there are no traces of the cleaner left.
6. Deodorise the Tank: For ongoing odour control, consider adding a deodorising product to the tank after each clean.

3. Refreshing Your Motorhome Toilet

When buying a second-hand motorhome, the toilet is one of the most used but often overlooked components. Over time, the waste holding tank and seat can experience wear, absorb odours, or develop stains, making an upgrade a smart and hygienic investment. For those with a Thetford toilet, Thetford offer a range of Fresh-Up Kits to give your toilet a fresh feel without replacing the entire unit. For motorhomes equipped with a SOG toilet extraction system, adding a new carbon filter to trap odours will provide additional comfort and ensure a fresher interior.

What is the Thetford Fresh-Up Kit?

The Thetford Fresh-Up Kit is a replacement kit that includes a new waste holding tank and a toilet seat designed to fit specific models of Thetford cassette toilets, such as the popular C200, C220, C250 and C400. These kits offers a quick way to refresh the toilet in a second-hand motorhome, making it feel like new again. Ideal for motorhome owners who want a hygienic refresh, the kit helps eliminate any lingering odours and signs of wear from previous use, enhancing both hygiene and comfort.

Benefits of Using the Thetford Fresh-Up Kit

• Odour Control: A new waste holding tank reduces unpleasant odours that may have built up over time in the old tank, providing a fresher environment in the motorhome.
• Hygiene and Comfort: The Fresh-Up Kit includes a brand-new toilet seat, eliminating concerns about stains, scratches, or wear from prior use.
• Easy Installation: The Fresh-Up Kit is designed as a simple, plug-and-play solution for specific Thetford models, so you can replace the old components without professional help.

Step-by-Step Guide to Upgrading Your Toilet with the Fresh-Up Kit

1. Remove the Existing Waste Tank and Seat: Start by removing the old waste holding tank from its compartment, then remove the seat from the toilet. Clean the surrounding area to remove any residual build-up.
2. Install the New Waste Tank: Place the new waste holding tank from the Fresh-Up Kit into the compartment. Make sure it’s securely seated and aligned for leak-free operation.
3. Fit the New Toilet Seat: Attach the new toilet seat from the kit onto the toilet base, ensuring it is properly aligned and securely attached.
4. Test the System: Once installed, flush the toilet with fresh water to check for any leaks and to ensure everything is fitted correctly.

You can find them all on Amazon –

• Thetford Fresh-Up Kit C200
• Thetford Fresh-Up Kit C220
• Thetford Fresh-Up Kit C250
• Thetford Fresh-Up Kit C400

For Motorhomes with a SOG Toilet Extraction System

If your motorhome is equipped with a SOG toilet extraction system, consider adding a new carbon filter to the SOG unit along with the Fresh-Up Kit. The SOG system uses an activated carbon filter to capture and neutralise odours that could otherwise escape into the motorhome interior. Replacing the filter annually or as needed ensures the system remains effective and helps maintain a pleasant atmosphere.

• Odour-Eliminating Toilet Filter: SOG Active Carbon Toilet Filter
  This activated carbon filter is designed for use with the SOG toilet extraction system, specifically neutralising odours by trapping gases before they escape.
  • Usage Tip: Replace the carbon filter annually to maintain optimal odour control.

4. Upgrading Your Water Fill System: Ensuring Fresh, Safe Potable Water

In a motorhome, water is only as good as the system that delivers it. Even with a clean fresh water tank, using an old or non-food-grade fill hose can affect water quality by introducing contaminants or chemicals into the water supply. When upgrading a second-hand motorhome, it’s essential to use a food-grade hose specifically for filling the water tank to ensure that the water you drink, cook with, and clean with remains fresh, safe, and free from impurities.

Understanding the Role of Food-Grade Hoses in Motorhomes

A food-grade hose serves as the link between external water sources, such as campsite taps, and your motorhome’s fresh water tank. Unlike internal pipes, which are cleaned through water purification processes, the fill hose must be kept separate and clean to avoid introducing contaminants from outside sources. Food-grade hoses are made with safe, non-toxic materials that prevent the leaching of chemicals, which can affect taste and potentially lead to health risks.

Health Risks of Using Non-Food-Grade Hoses

Non-food-grade hoses can compromise the quality of water before it even enters the fresh water tank. Here are a few of the potential issues:

• Chemical Leaching: Non-food-grade hoses can leach harmful chemicals, including BPA and phthalates, into the water, which may impact both taste and safety.
• Bacterial Growth: Residues from previous uses and water left in the hose can encourage bacteria growth, which can contaminate the water when filling the tank.
• Odours and Tastes: Old or poor-quality hoses may introduce unpleasant tastes or odours to the water, detracting from the drinking experience.

Step-by-Step Guide to Using and Maintaining a Food-Grade Fill Hose

1. Select a Food-Grade Hose: When choosing a fill hose, make sure it’s labelled as food-grade, BPA-free, and safe for drinking water. This ensures that it won’t release harmful chemicals or compromise water quality.
   • I use the MyPureCore Food Grade Hose which is BPA-Free and specifically designed for drinking water.
   • I also use the Rheinland Motorhome Water Filler Cap Connector as this prevents the hose from falling out and touching the ground or side of the van, contaminating the clean water, If also forms a tight seal to prevent leaks and makes filling the water tank easier and more efficient.
2. Attach the Hose to a Clean Water Source: Only use the food-grade hose at potable water sources to avoid cross-contamination. Avoid using the hose for any other purpose to keep it strictly dedicated to fresh water filling.
3. Fill the Fresh Water Tank: Connect the food-grade hose to the tank’s fill inlet, making sure it forms a tight seal to prevent leaks or contamination.
4. Drain the Hose After Each Use: Once the tank is filled, disconnect the hose, drain any remaining water, and store it in a clean, dry place.
5. Store in a Cool, Dark Place: Proper storage helps prevent bacterial and algae growth inside the hose. Consider using a hose bag or container to keep the hose free from dust and contaminants.

FAQ

1. Why should I upgrade the water system in a second-hand motorhome?
   Upgrading ensures that the water system is free from bacteria, algae, and odours, which can develop in systems that haven’t been maintained. A clean water system is essential for safe drinking water, effective waste management, and a comfortable motorhome experience.
2. How often should I clean the water system in my motorhome?
   For regular use, clean the fresh and waste water tanks every few months. If the motorhome has been in storage, perform a thorough cleaning before using it again to ensure the system is hygienic.
3. Why is a food-grade hose necessary for filling the fresh water tank?
   Food-grade hoses prevent chemical leaching, ensuring that water remains safe, odour-free, and free from unpleasant tastes. Non-food-grade hoses may introduce harmful substances into the water supply.
4. How do I clean my water tank without using bleach?
   Use a water tank cleaner specifically designed for motorhomes or RVs. Water purification tablets and natural solutions like white vinegar can also be effective for regular maintenance without the potential health risks of bleach.
5. How do I keep odours from developing in the waste tank?
   For the grey water waste tank, regular cleaning and a deodorising product can help control odours. For the toilet cassette, ensure you use a good quality solution – preferably a more eco friendly green one if you can. If your motorhome has a SOG toilet extraction system, this will trap unpleasant smells and improve ventilation.
6. Can I use the same hose for fresh and waste water?
   No, always use separate hoses for fresh and waste water. This avoids cross-contamination and helps maintain water quality in the fresh water tank.
7. What causes algae to grow in my fresh water tank, and how can I prevent it?
   Algae thrive in standing water, especially when exposed to sunlight. To prevent it, park your motorhome in shaded areas when possible, and regularly add water fresheners or purifiers that inhibit algae growth.
8. Is it necessary to install a water filter in addition to cleaning the tank?
   While regular cleaning is important, a water filter can provide extra protection by removing impurities from campsite water sources, ensuring safer and better-tasting water for drinking and cooking.
9. What’s the best way to store hoses when not in use?
   Drain hoses thoroughly after each use, coil them, and store them in a cool, dark place to prevent bacteria and algae growth. Use a dedicated storage bag or container to keep hoses clean.
10. How do I know if my waste tank needs replacing?
    If persistent odours remain after cleaning or if you notice visible wear, cracks, or leaks, it may be time to replace the waste tank. Consider using a fresh-up kit, which includes a new tank and toilet seat for a complete refresh.